It depends on the learning outcomes and the design of the event. Often, side conversations may be where real learning and discovery is happening, so it might be better to make sure there is a time to promote that interaction then to create a rule that forbids it. Adult learning theory holds that learners want to have some control over their learning and to contribute what they know as well.
But, there is a place for ground rules especially when there are constraints such as time or the size of the group. Also, if you learning outcomes involve getting the group to establish a lot of trust that will last a long time, such as a leadership seminar. For those, the facilitators need to know strategies for managing group dynamics. I think it is still best to suggest ground rules and to invite the group to modify your suggestions first, so that they have some buy-in. One I like to suggest is the rule that everyone agrees to listen more than they talk - that they check themselves every 15 minutes to be sure that they are listening more than talking. We can ask attendees to change their posture to realign their attention - invite them to take a stretch and then when they sit back down, to lean IN to the discussion instead of leaning back. They only need to move their upper body in an inch or so, but the effect is to focus their attention.
And, every facilitator/presenter needs to be prepared to make a private approach to someone who is disrupting the conversation and coach them to reenter the conversation with more positive engagement. The best way is to call for a break and then to approach that person alone and ask for their cooperation. For that conversation, I like the EASING approach:
E - check your Emotions
A - ask for Permission - Can we discuss something about the last session?
S - be Specific, ask for them to change ONE thing, do one thing
I - use "I" statements - I want to be sure everyone participates or I feel like you have a lot of important things to say, but that others are not getting enough of a chance
N - keep it neutral
G - be genuine and show genuine curiosity - listen at least as much as you talk
Hope you find this helpful.
Jo
Joann Flick, MS Ed.
Continuing Education Coordinator
Montana State Library
"Learning is not attained by chance, it must be sought for with ardor and diligence." - Abigail Adams
406-431-1081
jflick@mt.gov